Mission and Vision Analysis of Pso and Coca Cola Essays

Mission and Vision Analysis of Pso and Coca Cola Essays Mission and Vision Analysis of Pso and Coca Cola Paper Mission and Vision Analysis of Pso and Coca Cola Paper PSO, in their mission statement clearly state that they aim to lead the energy market through quality products and services. They intend to do this by creating a workforce of professionally trained, highly motivated people. They aim to create a friendly, team-oriented culture and acknowledge and reward good performance, innovation and creativity for personal growth and development of employees. They plan to use economies of scale to continue achieving sustained growth. They have a socially responsible attitude in their business practices. Vision Analysis The vision of PSO depicts their energy of becoming the number 1 company of today and tomorrow. Also, it shows how important their customers are to them. Providing them with innovative goods which make life more convenient is their basic aim. Conclusion Both the mission and vision statement are strong and clearly define the company’s short and long term objectives. [pic] Mission Mission Analysis: Above is the Coca-Cola Company’s external mission statement, which lists the goals of the company. It is not an exaggeration to state that every living person on the planet is a potential customer, partner, or recipient, directly and indirectly, of a product, opportunity, service, or other benefit that Coca-Cola may offer. Each of the three take the whole world as the customer irrespective of gender, location, race, nationality and religion. Analysis of each statement separately: a) The first proclamation says that Coke refreshes (in mind, body and spirit). This is a statement that suggests that Coca-Cola produces some sort of food item, which it does, of course. Then it goes on to say world which encompasses everyone. Although, this will mean different things to varied persons it says to a wage earner to ensure that the offering ought to be such that it delivers on this covenant, to a customer it says that Cokes offerings are sworn to invigorate him, to the salesperson it says that Coke is a superior offering that he ought to do business with, to a stakeholder it says that the corporation makes an extraordinary item, which is already very good, and is on a high natural growth highway. b) The second says ‘inspire moments of optimism’. This statement is unclear and does nothing to differentiate Coca-Cola from any other food producer. One of the goals of every firm is to inspire optimism. c) The third â€Å"create value and make a difference† Likewise, this statement, while better defined than the prior statement, simply plays on the reader’s emotions and adds nothing substantive Presence of the elements in the mission: Customer needs: The mission clearly states that coca cola is a food item catering to the happiness and thirst of all. At the same time it promises to make a difference in order to satisfy customer needs Customer groups: Their mission clearly states that they cater to all the persons in the Coke World end-users, staff, general, masses, stock holders, vendors, etc. who form their customer groups Technologies: Their basic tool of satisfying customer needs is by refreshments, which states the type of product but they fail to list any business approaches or use of resources in order to me et the needs and satisfy the customers. Vision Analysis Conclusion: Overall, Coca-Cola’s mission and vision statement defines its goals, policies, and values and defines the competency of the company. It indicates the company’s scope; the reach of Coca-Cola is world-wide. It does not, however, do a good job of stating why its operation is better than anyone else’s. As a result, it does not define the competitive environment. Most of the ideals that Coca-Cola lists are generic every firm wants to do well by its shareholders and its customers. Consequently, the mission statement needs refined if it is to be taken seriously but it does however have a strong mission and vision statement. Our Roadmap starts with our mission, which is enduring. It declares our urpose as a company and serves as the standard against which we weigh our actions and decisions. To refresh the world To inspire moments of optimism and happiness To create value and make a difference MISSION: We are committed to leadership in energy market through competitive advantage in providing the highest quality petroleum products and services to our customers, based on: Professionally trained, high qu ality, motivated workforce, working as a team in an environment, which recognizes and rewards performance, innovation and creativity, and provides for personal growth and development. Lowest cost operations and assured access to long term and cost effective supply sources. Sustained growth in earnings in real terms. Highly ethical, safe environment friendly and socially responsible business practices. VISION: To excel in delivering value to customers as an innovative and dynamic energy company that gets to the future first. Vision Our vision serves as the framework for our Roadmap and guides every aspect of our business by describing what we need to accomplish in order to continue achieving sustainable, quality growth. People: Be a great place to work where people are inspired to be the best they can be. Portfolio: Bring to the world a portfolio of quality beverage brands that anticipate and satisfy peoples desires and needs. Partners: Nurture a winning network of customers and suppliers, together we create mutual, enduring value. Planet: Be a responsible citizen that makes a difference by helping build and support sustainable communities. Profit: Maximize long-term return to shareowners while being mindful of our overall responsibilities. Productivity: Be a highly effective, lean and fast -moving organization

La Venta Olmec Archaeology site La Venta

La Venta Olmec Archaeology site La Venta The La Venta is an archaeological site in the Mexican State of Tabasco. At the site are the partially excavated ruins of an Olmec city which thrived from approximately 900-400 B.C. before being abandoned and reclaimed by the jungle. La Venta is a very important Olmec site and many interesting and significant artifacts have been found there, including four of the famous Olmec colossal heads. The Olmec Civilization The Ancient Olmec were the first major civilization in Mesoamerica, and as such are considered the parent culture of other societies that came later, including the Maya and Aztec. They were gifted artists and sculptors who are best remembered today for their massive colossal heads. They were also talented engineers and traders. They had a well-developed religion and interpretation of the cosmos, complete with gods and mythology. Their first great city was San Lorenzo, but the city declined and around 900 A.D. the center of Olmec civilization became La Venta. For centuries, La Venta spread Olmec culture and influence throughout Mesoamerica. When La Ventas glory faded and the city declined around 400 B.C., Olmec culture died with it, although a post-Olmec culture thrived at the site of Tres Zapotes. Even once the Olmec were gone, their gods, beliefs and artistic styles survived in other Mesoamerican cultures whose turn for greatness was yet to come. La Venta at its Peak From about 900 to 400 A.D., La Venta was the greatest city in Mesoamerica, far greater than any of its contemporaries. A man-made mountain towered over the ridge at the heart of the city where priests and rulers carried out elaborate ceremonies. Thousands of common Olmec citizens labored tending crops in the fields, catching fish in the rivers or moving great blocks of stone to the Olmec workshops for carving. Skilled sculptors produced colossal heads and thrones weighing many tons as well as finely polished jadeite celts, axe heads, beads and other pretty things. Olmec traders crossed Mesoamerica from Central America to the Valley of Mexico, returning with bright feathers, jadeite from Guatemala, cacao from the Pacific coast and obsidian for weapons, tools and adornments. The city itself covered an area of 200 hectares and its influence spread much further. The Royal Compound La Venta was built on a ridge alongside the Palma River. At the top of the ridge are a series of complexes collectively referred to as the Royal Compound because it is believed that the ruler of La Venta lived there with his family. The royal compound is the most important part of the site and many important objects have been unearthed there. The royal compound - and the city itself - is dominated by Complex C, a man-made mountain built of many tons of earth. It was once pyramidal in shape, but the centuries - and some unwelcome interference from nearby oil operations in the 1960s - have turned Complex C into a shapeless hill. On the northern side is Complex A, a burial ground and important religious area (see below). On the other side, Complex B is a large area where thousands of common Olmecs could gather to witness ceremonies taking place on Complex C. The royal compound is completed by the Stirling Acropolis, a raised platform with two mounds: it is believed that the royal reside nce was once located here. Complex A Complex A is bordered on the south by Complex C and on the north by three massive colossal heads, clearly setting this area aside as a privileged zone for the most important citizens of La Venta. Complex A is the most complete ceremonial center to have survived from Olmec times and the discoveries made there redefined modern knowledge of the Olmec. Complex A was evidently a sacred place where burials took place (five tombs have been found) and people gave gifts to the gods. There are five massive offerings here: deep pits filled with serpentine stones and colored clay before being topped with serpentine mosaics and earthen mounds. Numerous smaller offerings have been found, including a set of figurines known as small dedicatory offering four. Numerous statues and stonecarvings were located here. Scuplture and Art at La Venta La Venta is a treasure trove of Olmec art and sculpture. At least 90 stone monuments have been discovered there including some of the most important pieces of Olmec art. Four colossal heads – out of a total of seventeen known to exist – were discovered here. There are several massive thrones at La Venta: huge blocks of stone brought from many miles away, carved on the sides and meant to be sat or stood upon by rulers or priests. Some of the more important pieces include Monument 13, nicknamed â€Å"the Ambassador,† which may contain some of the earliest glyphs recorded in Mesoamerica and Monument 19, a skillful depiction of a warrior and a feathered serpent. Stela 3 shows two rulers facing one another while 6 figures – spirits? – swirl overhead. Decline of La Venta Ultimately La Ventas influence petered out and the city went into decline around 400 B.C. Eventually the site was abandoned altogether and reclaimed by the jungle: it would remain lost for centuries. Fortunately, the Olmecs covered up much of Complex A with clay and earth before the city was abandoned: this would preserve important objects for discovery in the twentieth century. With the fall of La Venta, Olmec civilization faded as well. It survived somewhat in a post-Olmec phase referred to as the Epi-Olmec: the center of this age was the city of Tres Zapotes. The Olmec people did not all die out: their descendants would return to greatness in the Classic Veracruz culture. Importance La Venta The Olmec culture is very mysterious yet very important for archaeologists and modern-day researchers. It is mysterious because, having disappeared over 2,000 years ago, much information about them has been irrevocably lost. It is important because as the parent culture of Mesoamerica, its influence on the later development of the region is immeasurable. La Venta, along with San Lorenzo, Tres Zapotes and El Manatà ­, is one of the four most important Olmec sites known to exist. The information gleaned from Complex A alone is priceless. Although the site isnt particularly spectacular for tourists and visitors - if you want breathtaking temples and buildings, go to Tikal or Teotihuacn - any archaeologist will tell you its just as important. Sources: Coe, Michael D and Rex Koontz. Mexico: From the Olmecs to the Aztecs. 6th Edition. New York: Thames and Hudson, 2008 Diehl, Richard A. The Olmecs: Americas First Civilization. London: Thames and Hudson, 2004. Gonzalez Tauck, Rebecca B. El Complejo A: La Venta, Tabasco Arqueologà ­a Mexicana Vol XV - Num. 87 (Sept-Oct 2007). p. 49-54.

Comcast Executive Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Comcast Executive Summary - Essay Example The business is incorporated as a publicly traded company registered in the NASDAQ under the symbols CMCSA and CMCSK. As of November 30, 2009 the value of the firm’s CMCSA stock was priced at $14.66. Brian L. Roberts is the current chief executive officer in charge of Comcast Corporation. There are several Cable Networks that belong to Comcast. Four of those networks are TV One, G4, the Style Network, and E! Entertainment Television. During fiscal year 2008 Comcast achieved yearly revenues of $34,256 and a net income of $2,547. The net profit margin for 2008 was 7.44%. At the end of 2008 the business had accumulated total assets of $113,017 with a healthy debt to equity ratio of 0.64. Due to the growing competition from satellite companies Comcast must invest its advertising money well to get the maximum impact. There are future opportunities for the company to achieve higher market share and penetrate growing segments of the communication marketplace such as VOIP and G4 mobil e internet connectivity. Along with the analysis of Comcast Corporation another topic that will be covered in this paper is the future outlook for graduates in the telecommunication

Women in business nowadays and the past Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Women in business nowadays and the past - Essay Example Stereotyping against women is a common trait around the business world. Yet, everybody should realize that a woman is in no way inferior to man and she can very well handle the pressures and stressful life of the business. Handling a family with the work is no easy job and many women in today's age are not just balancing work and family life, rather they are integrating it. The business world is getting infused with a diverse workforce day by day. The trend towards being an equal opportunity employer is rising. More and more women are being hired in today's corporate world. And the differences between men and women are being sorted out as women take on as many as 25% of top level managerial posts in successful organizations. Therefore, the composition of males and females in the workforce of a typical organization has changed. Yet men still possess a significant amount of decision making in their hands. Whether it is the power to hire and fire or to access financial resources, men are always given the advantage over women. But if businesses are to reach their highest potential, they need to make full use of women by accepting the fact that they are different from men and are not inferior to them in any way.1 Approaches to conflict: When it comes to a conflict, men usually consider it a healthy process and they use logic, bargaining and even anger to resolve it. Whereas, on the other hand, women tends to focus on the affective part by understanding each others feelings in a conflict. For women, conflict is undesirable and damaging in many ways. They have a negative view point of conflict and therefore, they would like to get it solved without exaggerating it thereby using less direct approaches. Research also suggests that men will tend to go for riskier solutions when it comes to resolution of conflict. Supervision and leadership styles: although leadership styles would look pretty similar on the core, they are quite different. Research has found that women tend to treat their subordinates more as colleagues than the men and women also encourage the participation of everyone in a decision making process. Men, in such positions, will go for a less collaborative style, and will give more directions and tend to be more dominating too. Relationship with others is an integral part of women's leadership styles than for men. A woman also tries to build a sense of community in the place where she is the leader, unlike men. Working in teams: men and women think differently in terms of what needs to be communicated when a team is in action. Women put a lot of importance to these team characteristics: competence, respect, fairness, knowledge of team member's roles, and team members should also provide extra help and support to each other when needed. Whereas, men do not place much importance on these characteristics. The Role of Women in the Society Women, more or less, assume a particular cultural and gender role that they have to fulfill. In pre-historic times, the women of the family used to help the man in doing whatever business they did out of the farms or by doing agriculture. The women used to gather products like fish or learn to

Sugar Density Lab Essay Example for Free

Sugar Density Lab Essay 1) Place a clean 100mL graduated cylinder on the balance and hit the â€Å"rezero† button. 2) Fill the cylinder to the 10mL mark with a beverage. Measure and record the mass of the beverage in the graduated cylinder. 3) Measure and record the temperature of the beverage. 4) Rezero the balance with the graduated cylinder containing the beverage. Fill the graduated cylinder to the 20mL mark with a second sample of the same beverage. Measure and record the mass of the beverage sample in the graduated cylinder. 5) Calculate and record the density of each beverage sample. Data Volume| w/beaker weight| w/o beaker weight| Density Formula| Density| Percent Sugar| 10mL| 65.56g| 9.85g| 9.85g/10mL| .925g/mL| 17%| 20mL| 75.75g| 20.04g| 20.04g/20mL| 1.002g/mL| 12%| 30mL| 86.85g| 31.14g| 31.14g/30mL| 1.038g/mL| 10%| 40mL| 96.63g| 40.92g| 40.92g/40mL| 1.023g/mL| 10%| 50mL| 106.33g| 50.62g| 50.62g/50mL| 1.012g/mL| 5%| Calculations and Graphs See table Conclusions Seemingly healthy drinks can have high sugar contents. Discussion of Theory This experiment worked on the idea of density. Experimental Sources of Error -Graduated cylinder not accurate enough -Miscalculated data.

JJ Supermarket, NZ: An Analysis

JJ Supermarket, NZ: An Analysis J J worked locally owned in New Zealand to buy product. Store under license agreement with the permission of the group continued to sell a few vendors worldwide. It is operated by Jayesh Patel and Janaki. Store has many parts to it, such as food, snacks, butchery, and a variety of wine and beer. Moreover, all this abundance lotto shop and Western Union. In order to receive the best products in the area and the operating system money in the community to help the local people. Each month, the store owner makes love to charity a community group or person. Business hours: 7 day a week 7:00am to 10:00pm Assessment Part 1 Determine the resource needs for purchasing and supply.      Ã‚   When workers and goods on time and the time necessary to understand, what is to be sent. Particular work places and ways to discern if to take stock, to buy the paint and responsibilities of the users within. As soon as he left the firm is in harmony with the right way. Users Item Quantity J J Supermarket Just juice orange 2.5L 3 Boxes Orange pine Juice 2.5L 3 Boxes Bluebird cheddar 100g 6 Boxes Whiskas chicken 6Boxes Whiskas Turkish mince 6Boxes Whiskas beef lamb 6Boxes muesli with apple 3 Boxes olive oil 550ml 3Boxes Arnotts nuts 290g 5 Boxes HB round tea 290g 6Boxes Sunlight dishwasher/wash refill 700ml 2Boxes BBQ Chips 160g 5Boxes Ding dong nuts 110g 6Boxes Ding dong snack 110g 11Boxes Tomato sauce 370gm 3Boxes Chocolates 45gm 3Boxes Rubbish bags 55 pack 3Boxes Identify the need for data from qualitative and quantitative, and technical information and work together to use. Item Qualitative quantitative Technical Performance Orange juice Just juice 3 Boxes 2.5l Non artificial colors or preservatives Orange pine juice Just juice 3 Boxes 2.5l No sugar cheddar Blue bird 5 Boxes 110g Good Packing Chicken gravy Whiskas 2Boxes 6 pack big storage Chicken turkey Whiskas 2Boxes 6 pack big storage Beef lamb Whiskas 2Boxes 6 pack big storage Apple Muesli Forex 3 Boxes 150g fresh seal olive oil Home Brand 3 Boxes 500ml Less cholesterol Ginger nuts Arnott 4 Boxes 250g No sugar Bisk round tea Home Brand 5 Boxes 250g No sugar Plastic cups Supermarket standards 1000 pieces 300ml each Protected Paper bags Supermarket standards 3 Boxes Recycled paper Durable Dish/washer refill Sunlight 2 Boxes 600ml Tough on pan, soft on hands Chips kettles nuts Signature Range 4 Boxes 150g Wholegrain chips snack mixed nuts Ding Dong 10 Boxes 100g With freshness seal Snack mixed Ding Dong 10 Boxes 100g With freshness seal Tomato sauce Home Brand 4 Boxes 375gm No added color chocolate Nestle 3 Boxes 50 pack Coca plan Garbage bags black sack 2Boxes 45gm Heavy duty Determine the resource requirements, which allow achievement of organizations objectives and plans with maximum benefit to the organization. Objective Idea Cost/benefit Professional Service Collection of grocery items first class service Range Daily use items choices for goods customers can buy as per their taste To satisfied customers aspects Provide all demanded services Customers buy their items. Convenient store Customer can buy all their house hold items at one place No need to rush at other places Easy to approach Local customers can visit easily Less vehicle required open 7 days To give service early morning and late night and 7 days a week Can do shopping any time Run specials Cheap items for customers Customers will do more shopping Evidence that the agreed purchasing needs are fully documented and defined the technical, quantity, quality, delivery, commercial, and cost requirements. The process and store this document is sent to the workers, where you write is important and necessary to write a letter back issues. This is an example of the form used to buy: JJ Supermarket 7/100 Howden road Philips place, Manukau Auckland. Phone no: 093744060 Fax no: 09374846 VENDOR NAME Name: Company name: Street address: City, zip: Phone: Item Description Qty Unit Price Total Subtotal $ Tax rate Tax $ Other $ Total $ Authorized by Date: Provide evidence sources of supply to secure through product-market search and investigation. JJ Supermarket and locally operated and owned supermarket. Shops operating in license and franchise operation of the group controlled by wholesalers Limited. Wholesalers and branches enterprises Ltd, which is part of Woolworths Limited. Therefore, the design of the show about Wholesalers come twice a week in a fairly large. Assessment Part 2 2.1 Develop norms and standards for the supply of materials, plant or equipment by technical experts and users are effectively facilitated. Purpose J J is a supermarket loyalty and superior product quality and business integrity. We want to make sure that the conditions are right for our chain, that workers are treated with dignity and to make our way to environmental responsibility and ethically guided. To maintain relationship with suppliers and helping those goals, the supermarket agreed to Code of Conduct the company products and suppliers to select appropriate supports before code. The failure of the property and the possession or use of such information could lead to us being rejected. We understand the business should be well and respect the laws of the countries in which it operates. Policies and procedures Supplier code of conduct These products Code of Conduct outlines the high standards of ethical restraint, than the law or at least recognize the individual or company performance. It is important to feed our partners to understand the role they play in ensuring the satisfaction of our customers and consumers, and we see our friend food as a special group to fulfill our responsibility as the following: To sustain the highest standards of competence, integrity, and service to the franchise community. 1. To promote an ethical and professional manner of products and services. 2. To make a broader understanding and promote public respect and confidence in the franchise. 3. Be linked to any reports of the spread of the Council Advisory Committee genres care franchise license at a great meaning and significance Moral Code 4. Responsibility for measuring, monitoring, reporting and verification of compliance with the code. 5. Store can control their distributors or third parties find an agreement with the thoughts and hope. Grocery reserves the right to terminate an agreement with any baggage that fails to comply with our standards or failure to correct the issue was not consistent. Quality Quality control-general It is the responsibility of the site and provides products and higher devices. Quality control program is part curved. 1. Work management 2. Good medicine 3. Performance 4. Loyalty to principles established identification Quality control non-food Suppliers must comply with strict standards for suppliers of non-food supermarkets anytime. Supermarket reserves the right to perform quality audits and inspection of establishments that supply supermarkets products that are not branded or customized brand. Product inspection and acceptance The goods must be inspected by the supermarket. The status of the invalid component is waiting for quality control. This can lead to arrears if not solve the problem. General Policies Inauguration of work Sometimes, in order to convince the supplier cannot predict the order. This kind of prophecy for design purposes. Printing documents with the market, so the supplier must have a valid document before buying the goods delivered or the production of products. Risk management If required, the supplier will provide all the certificates required for the insurance in the supermarket. Hold the general business responsibility of the manufacturer, including the insurance product liability and the completion of the operation. Subcontracting Often, food orders from wholesalers supermarkets. Therefore, subcontracting is approved in writing. According to the contract, or when the raw material supplier should not be an unknown dealer market. Product withdrawal J J also has a supermarket procedure to remove the product if necessary. That action can be taken in consultation with law guarantees consumers or only about commercial law. Supermarket of these activities and expects full co-operation to any product provider is involved in this activity. Non-conformance to purchase document. All goods and services should be required, such as schedules, quantity, specifications, range of items and supermarkets in the series and approved samples of the report. Non-compliant products or services may be rejected, and all costs are equally applicable, such as the cost of storing and handling goods, and so on. Use of Logos, Trademarks, promotions The supermarket has its own logo, trademark. It should only be used by authorized personnel. Supermarkets check the rights of trademarks and designs. They cannot be copied from anywhere. Business Processes and Procedures Draw some of the most common activities in daily life needs. Authorize to determine the requirements of each product or service provider. Raw materials and supplies The supermarket is not responsible for the supply of raw materials or other merchandise suppliers to make orders. The request or qualification shall be written by the authorized applicant. Invoice detail minimum data required The following data mention on invoices. Name of Suppliers address Bill to name and address of Supermarket legal entity Invoice number Invoice date Invoice amount Description of product Terms of the order It is required that shipment should meet all the terms of order such as 1. The number should turn right 2. Good condition 3. The order must be delivered on time 4. The order must be delivered in the correct position Response system All candidates must comply with all the rule and legislation mentioned above. Late entries Registrations will not be accepted after the deadline of the offer Applicants prospects Supermarkets do not cover any cost of claims applicants for expressions of interest. Selection of successful applicants Just offer valued after the three successful candidates will be contacted to submit a final offer. Quires Quires should be accepted by email and phone. 2.2 Describe the specifications and standards for the description of the material, facilities or equipment in sufficient technical detail and precision to enable the construction or to provide basic performance parameters at minimum cost. Item Description Orange juice Orange juice is 99% juice and no added preservatives and is high in vitamin c content. Just Orange pine juice Orange and pine juice is 99% juice non-preservatives and less sugar and high vitamin A and C. Whiskas Chicken gravy Poultry, meat, wheat protein, natural flavor, gum, sodium, salt, minerals vitamins, sodium alginate, color, taurine, dl-methionine, sufficient water for processing. Whiskas Chicken turkey Poultry, meat by products, wheat protein, natural flavor, guar gum, sodium, salt, minerals vitamins, sodium alginate, color, xanthan gum, taurine, dl-methionine, sufficient water for processing. Whiskas Beef lamb Poultry, meat, beef, wheat protein, natural flavor, guar gum, sodium, salt, minerals vitamins, sodium alginate, color, xanthan gum, taurine, dl-methionine, sufficient water for processing. Apple Muesli Ground rice wheat flakes, rolled oats, apple puree, sunflower oil, salt, vitamins, minerals, traces of milk soy. Home brand olive oil Olive oil is a natural light and fresh taste. It contains the plant sterol. With a high smoke point, is engaged for all types of cooking, including baking, roasting and frying. Arnott nuts Wheat flour, ginger, invert syrup, vegetable fats, sugar, milk solids, salt, yeast, raising agents, flavor, acidity regulator. Home brand round tea Wheat flour, sugar, milk solids, oats, golden syrup, vegetable oil, cocoa powder, raising agents, flavors, milk solids, colors. Home Brand Plastic cups Home brand cups are used for cold drinks. The cups should have the JJ logo on it. Home Brand Paper bags Home brand bags are used in packaging for foods; they are to be produced from recycled paper with the JJ logo. Sunlight Dish/washer refill Sunlight dish / dishwashing liquid specifically designed to be gentle with your hands while washing the dishes, let your dishes sparking clean. Signature Chips kettles nuts Potatoes, sunflower oil, vegetable oil, sugar, salt, vinegar powder, corn starch, yeast extract, nuts. Ding Dong mixed nuts Corn, peanuts, green peas, broad beans, iodized salt, sugar, protein, wheat flour, spices. Ding Dong Snack Corn, green peas, broad beans, iodized salt, sugar, protein, wheat flour, spices. Home Brand Tomato sauce Concentrated tomatoes, sugar, salt, food acids, natural flavors and spices. Nestle KitKat chocolate other chocolates Sugar, full cream milk powder, wheat flour, cocoa butter, vegetable fat, yeast, raising agent, salt, flavor, contain milk, soy and wheat. Black sack Garbage bags Garbage bags are used to properly dispose of rubbish. Black sack bags are made of heavy duty plastic with a typing clip. 2.3 The use of methods of simplification, the reduction of the variety and value analysis. Avoids above specifications, which increases the costs without increasing its value. 1. Cost per item 2. Skip to end things 3. Return Policy for more information standards 4. Delivery times 5. The warranty on the market 6. The experience of Oakland 7. Quality Control Certificates 8. Security certificates Hygiene 9. The experience of the staff reporter 2.4 Define the acceptance criteria set out in the specifications and standards to ensure Compliance with the requirements and measurable deliverables. Item Compliance with quality quantity requirement of super value Franchise Compliance with Food Hygiene Regulations 1975 Just Orange juice Juice purchased under fair trade standard, come in desired 2.5l bottle and product of New Zealand The bottles are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Just Orange and pine juice Juice purchased under fair trade standard, come in desired 2.5l bottle and product of New Zealand Bottles are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Blue Zigzags cheddar Chips purchased under fair trade standard, come in desired 100g pack and product of New Zealand Packs are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Whiskas Chicken gravy Cat food purchased under fair trade standard, come in desired 6 boxes and product of New Zealand Tins are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Whiskas Chicken turkey mince Cat food purchased under fair trade standard, come in desired 6 boxes and product of New Zealand Tins are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Whiskas Beef lamb mince Cat food purchased under fair trade standard, come in desired 6 pack and product of New Zealand Tins are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Fare Muesli with apple Forex Muesli purchased under fair trade standard, come in desired 3 pack and product of New Zealand Packs are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Home brand olive oil Home brand olive oil purchased under fair trade standard, come in desired 550ml and product of New Zealand Bottles are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Arnott Ginger nuts Arnott Ginger nuts purchased under fair trade standard, come in desired 290g pack and product of New Zealand Packs are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Home brand Bisc round tea Home brand Bisc round tea purchased under fair trade standard, come in desired 290g pack and product of New Zealand Packs are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Home Brand Plastic cups They are developed with the appropriate dimensions and include the JJ logo The cups are stored In store room Home Brand Paper bags Home Brand bags are made for JJ using recycled Bags are durable. Sunlight Dish/washer refill Sunlight Dish/washer purchased under fair trade standard, 700ml bottle and product of New Zealand Bottles are tight sealed and stored in a cool dry area Signature Chips kettles nuts Signature Chips kettles nuts purchased under fair trade standard, come in desired 160g pack and product of New Zealand Packs are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Ding Dong snack mixed nuts Ding Dong snack mixed nuts purchased under fair trade standard, 110g pack and product of NZ Packs are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Ding Dong Snack mixed Yes, Ding Dong snack mixed purchased under fair trade standard, 110g pack and product of New Zealand Packs are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Home Brand Tomato sauce Home Brand Tomato sauce purchased under fair trade standard, come in desired 370gm bottle and product of New Zealand Bottles are tight sealed and stored in a cool dry area Nestle KitKat chocolate Nestle KitKat chocolate purchased under fair trade standard, 45gm 3 pack and product of New Zealand Packs are tight sealed and Stored in a cool dry area. Black sack Garbage bags Black sack Garbage bags purchased under fair trade standard,55 pack and product of New Zealand Bags are good in quality Assessment Part 3 3.1 Requests for quotations or request for expression of interest to determine the appropriate acquisitions range of potential suppliers of goods or services. If necessary, support the evaluation of data providers needed and a short list Request for Expression of Interest for Provision Suppliers for supermarket store- 20/03/2017 JJ SUPERMARKET located at MANUKAU AUCKLAND requires the services of experienced and reliable suppliers to provide a variety of accessories. To view a detailed source provider The completion of the terms and conditions that require an electronic copy: J[emailprotected] The following are requirements should be mentioned before posting an Expression of Interest: Minimum Requirements 1. Experience / performance; 2. The qualified and experienced 3. The performance of services, 4. A contract to perform financial capacity proposed. 5 As the labels application must be sent are mentioned: EOI JJ SUPERMARKET 20/03/2017 To: The Manager 7/100 Howden road Philips place, Manukau Auckland. Phone no: 093744060 Fax no: 09374846 _________________ Before the closing date of 30/03/2017. Applicants applying under the valid time frame will be notified on the evaluation of the rate and the terms completed. 3.2 The evaluation methods used to determine the suitability and capacity of Potential suppliers to meet the needs of the organization and satisfaction of Criteria The following are two tables showing the possible food/nonfood suppliers for JJ Supermarket store. Potential Food Supplier Bidvest Serviced Foods Prolife Foods 1. Product or service range Standard Vast Limited 2.Bbusiness capacity Capable Capable Capable 3. Financial Soundness Stable Strong Managing 4. Delivery Timeliness Punctual Punctual Punctual 5. Food Hygiene Standards Certified Certified Certified 6. Previous Experience Partial Potential Non-Food supplier Packaging house products Uni-pak Product and service range Standard Standard Limited Business capacity Capable Capable Capable Financial soundness Strong Strong Stable Quality control Approved Approved Approved Previous experience On request Delivery timeliness Punctual Punctual Slow

Cartesian Dualism

In Cartesian Dualism, Descartes tries to prove that the mind or soul is distinct and separate from the body, having no thoughts like the thinking and knowing mind/soul. The first argument in Cartesian Dualism is the argument of doubt. This argument has to do with doubting that he is a thinking thing there must be something there that is true to that therefore there is no physical body because that thought is possible. He claims the mind and body is two separate things claiming this logic: I am certain that I am a thinking thing. I am not certain that I am a physical thing. Therefore, I am not a physical thing.I would not agree with him on this part of the argument, given the premise it is a good way to show that the body does not think for itself, but that does not lead it to a complete separation of the mind and the body. A lot of the physical sense and consumption that attributes to the thoughts of the mind or soul comes from the body. It cannot be written off as a separate and unr elated to the mind/soul just by imagining it does not exist because it cannot match the logic by thinking for itself. Another argument is from clear and distinct perception by proposing that all people are thinking things and not physical things.Overall this argument claims that if two things can exist apart from one another, then they must be two distinct and separate things, now saying that the mind is not only separate from the body, but can also live without it. If the mind is therefore distinct from the body, then it is possible to exist as a mind without the body. I logically don’t agree just because we can distinctly perceive the mind and body as two different things, how does that mean that they actually are, and how will the body continue to exist without the body as a carrying agent.The soul would not be a soul without the body, because it will not perceive the world the same without the body. The third argument is for simplicity with the idea that everything extend ed is divisible into parts. The body is extended and also divisible into parts such as the arms, legs, and so on. Here, Descartes did not believe that the mind was divisible into parts, even though we know different parts of the mind are responsible for different cognitive processes. Descartes believed believed that these differently labeled parts all have the same driving force behind them.So the logic goes if the mind cannot be divisible into parts, and all extended things can be divisible into parts, then the mind cannot be an extended thing. Which then makes the mind is of different material from the body which must be also separate and distinct from the body. Given the premise I can agree with this argument for Cartesian Dualism because it is more broken down and relatable than others having details and not many vague accounts having to be accepted to get to a solid conclusion.When I put each argument in context of flesh vs soul giving the body no real significance taking away any neuronal or psychological dependence that shape the mind/soul then the first two arguments are more easily taken but still misunderstandable from different point of views. Given most premises of these arguments I cannot whole fully agree with Descartes because logically it does not make sense to me given the different understanding and initial perception towards the human body and its natural role.

Gender Politics and Roles in a Horror Film Essay

Gender politics in horror films are not all that difficult to comprehend mainly because they devise a specific role for the various genders. That is the gender politics are little more than a variant on class roles in society. In fact, even an individual who has a passing interest in horror films can see that the heroes and villains are male and the victims are predominantly women. This is the common, tried and true cliched method of â€Å"cranking out† horror movies on an assembly line basis. There are, of course, some excellent horror films that alter the generic methodology of producing horror films that prescribe to a single minded of opinions of what are the â€Å"proper† gender roles that are found in horror movies. Often, we see men as the hero and women as either the victim or the hero. In reality, when it comes to gender roles in horror films there really are no differences because these different roles are based on human interpretations deriving from external opinion; in the film itself it is the â€Å"monster† that defines the role and the monster invariably defines the role of all human – regardless of gender – as prey. When it comes to drive in theater/direct to DVD releases, serious study is often difficult. Films that are cranked out to cash in on a niche market are generally not works of art. Those horror films that do rise to a higher level of art, however, can provide a brilliant insight into the multitude of variances of gender roles that exist. In examining gender roles in horror films, one could split the genre into two halves: the pre-ALIEN era and the post-ALIEN era. In the era prior to 1979’s landmark film ALIEN, the perceived role of women was that of the unwilling victim who was Gender Roles in Horror Films – Page 2 menaced by the vampire, werewolf, artificial construct et al and needed a hero to save her. This is referred to as a perceived appearance because the role of the female character was actually much stronger then that in certain films. (In the more â€Å"B grade† films the role of the victim was a cardboard one lacking in any depth) With the release of ALIEN, a female character was presented as a strong adversary of the monster. Instead of needing to be saved, the female heroine defeats the monster quite handily. This would become the more common female role in horror movies. Unfortunately, this more active role would be perverted into â€Å"the last victim† stereotype crafted in the slasher films of the 1980’s; a role that still exists for many female characters to this very day. Of course, not all female gender roles are heroines or victims. The recent release of SAW III brought back the lesser used concept of the female villain. The most famous example could be found in 1932’s underrated DRACULA’S DAUGHTER. While the role of the female vampire was effective, there was little interest in continuing to use females in â€Å"horror movie heavy roles†. The usage of a female in a horror role was limited although it was not without precedent. A female werewolf debuted in lost werewolf film unimaginatively titled THE WEREWOLF. (Female werewolves would return in such films as SHE WOLF OF LONDON and CRY OF THE WEREWOLF) But, this particular role was limited. Further roles of females in the monster role range from the exploitative (THE VAMPIRE LOVERS) to the downright silly (FRANKENSTEIN’S DAUGHTER) to the brilliant (THE EXORCIST) While this particular gender role of Gender Roles in Horror Films – Page 3 villainess is limited it is not without precedent and it does occasionally appear. In rare instances, it is done effectively as seen in films such as the aforementioned SAW III and THE DEVIL’S REJECTS. There are questions that need to be raised in terms of how a woman’s role vs. a male role in a horror film is devised. While some may look for a profound answer to this the real answer is somewhat mundane. That is to say, the roles presented in many of these films are simply reflections of common themes. Consider the following assessment: â€Å"In a world ordered by sexual imbalance, please in looking has been split between active/male and passive/female. The determining male gaze projects a fantasy onto the female figure, which is styled accordingly. In their traditional exhibitionist role women are simultaneously looked at and displayed with their appearance coded for strong visual and erotic impact†¦ † (Mulvey 203) In other words, the gender roles prevalent in most horror films was simply what the audience had grown accustom to expecting. If the audiences of the 1930’s sat down in a dark theater in the 1930’s and were treated to a female hero in DRACULA or KING KONG the films would have been radically different in their narrative. Audiences generally expected a common role for men and women in horror films and any departure from these roles may run the risk of being rejected. Well, they will not be rejected if they are scripted well. In the 1976 KING KONG remake, Jessica Lang’s dopey dialogue to Kong did change her role from the frightened Fay Wray of the original film, but not in a good way. Screaming at the top of your lungs at the sight of a monstrous ape makes sense. Looking at a gigantic amorous Gender Roles in Horror Films – Page 4 ape and saying â€Å"This isn’t going to work out† is just outright silly. It simply is not the role people expect in a situation of grave terror. But traditional roles do not always exhibit passivity. In a way, Fay Wray’s fear and terror is not so much submission or passivity as much as it is obstinate. She rejects Kong and stands up for herself. Her screams are screams of defiance and such defiance throws Kong off his game plan. As such, her role is really not as passive as one would assume. She does stand up to the creature, but unlike Jessica Lange’s obtuse reaction Wray’s reaction is believable. This is what makes her defiance believable. In a way, gender roles in horror films really more blurred than most would initially assume. Consider the following conclusion: â€Å"From its beginning gothic writing entwined culture and economy as well as blurring sexual boundaries and disturbing aesthetic and moral categories. † (Botting 135) On the surface, many would be disinclined to agree with such a statement. After all, what blurring of gender roles are there to be found in a horror film? Prior to ALIEN, the roles of men and women were starkly contrasted. In the post ALIEN world, women take on a more active role. This is hardly blurring. In fact, the roles are fairly obvious and pronounced. Again, this is what might appear to be the fact on the surface because on the surface we are looking at the actual action of the characters. The roles of the characters do not change regardless of the decade the film was produced. That is to say, humans – whether they are male or female – remain victims in horror films. Gender Roles in Horror Films – Page 5 That is, Ripley may be active in ALIEN but she is the prey of the alien no different from the role of Fay Wray in KING KONG. Even in 1942’s THE WOLFMAN we can see a variant of this. Consider Evelyn Ankers role in the film: her character Gwen is far from a weak female. She is a very independent and strong character. At the film’s climax, she goes out in the woods by herself looking for her boyfriend even though she knows a werewolf is prowling. Of course, the werewolf attacks her because that is what werewolves do. The werewolf – like aliens, vampires and giant monsters – only sees humans as prey. The creature often does not see gender roles. The role to the creature is irrelevant beyond seeing humans as victims. Victims are essentially the repressed regardless of their gender role. â€Å"What is primal Repression? Let us call it the ability of the speaking being always already haunted by the other, to divide, reject and repeat. Without one division, one separation one subject/object having been constituted†¦ why? Perhaps because of the maternal anguish, unable to be satisfied within the encompassing symbolic. † (Kristeva 12) As such, the gender role of the active male or active/passive female never really changes. The role they play is always reactive to the creature and this makes them perfect for the role of a victim. This may seem like a odd way of looking at the roles because it deviates from the commonality of what we are grown to expect in horror films. This is because â€Å"Cinema is at once a form of perception and a material perceived, a new way of encountering reality Gender Roles in Horror Films – Page 6 and a part of reality thereby discovered for the first time. † (Shaviro 40) That is, one of the benefits to enjoying a film is watching how humans are presented. Even in fantastic films such as the horror genre there is a unique insight into reality present and that particular reality is both the different roles genders play (passive/active) based on human perception and then there is the monsters perception: prey. As such, there are different roles and singular roles occurring at the same time. As Barker illustrates: â€Å"If she had been taciturn in the street, Anne-Marie was anything but in the privacy of her own kitchen. Gone was the guarded curiosity, to be replaced by a stream of lively chatter and constant scurrying between a half dozen minor domestic tasks, like a juggler keeping several states spinning at once. † (Barker 74) That is, a singular person can play many roles based on varying perceptions. While there are many different types of horror films, all horror films center on the common theme of predator and prey. While sometimes there may be variants to the role ( a sympathetic monster, a flawed human hero, etc) the end result always returns to the original theme: predators seek their prey. Sometimes, the prey is passive and sometimes the prey remains passive. Of course, prey can be both male and female and, unfortunately, the gender roles of the prey often follow common stereotypes. However, to the classic monster gender roles are irrelevant: to the monster all humans are prey and that trumps gender roles completely. This is not to say that there are no nuances found in the various gender roles. But, as far as the creature is concerned all humans are prey no matter how they act or react through the course of the film. Bibliography Barker, Clive. â€Å"The Forbidde. † In IN THE FLESH: TALES OF TERROR. New York: Poseidon Press, 1986. 67 – 108. Botting, F. â€Å"Candy Gothic. † In GOTHIC CAMBRIDGE: Boydell & Brewer, 2001. 133 – 151. Kristeva, Julia. â€Å"Powers of Horror: A Study in Abjection. † New York: Columbia University Press, 1982. Mulvey, Laura. â€Å"Visual Pleasure and Narrative cinema. † Shaviro, Steven. â€Å"Film Theory and Visual Fascination. † In THE CINEMATIC BODY. Minneapolis: University of Minneapolis Press, 1993. 1 – 65.

Oligopoly and Game Theory Essay Example

Oligopoly and Game Theory Essay Example Oligopoly and Game Theory Paper Oligopoly and Game Theory Paper ECO 152 December 9, 2013 Photo by Christian Gooden, [emailprotected] dispatch. com St. Louis Christmas Tree Lots: Oligopoly and Game Theory Since Christmas is drawing near, the annual Christmas tree lots are beginning to open. This brings memories of my father cursing in the car every Sunday before mass because half the church lot is taken up by trees. For a few weeks Ted Drew becomes the king of Christmas not the king of custard in St. Louis. Pretend the image I selected is not taken from the St. Louis Post Dispatch but is in fact my family having a wonderful time together at the St. Peters Church Christmas tree lot in Kirkwood. This picture does not exist because our time spent at the Christmas tree lot is usually spent arguing over what tree to choose and ultimately ending in my sister crying because my father says we cannot bring a 30 foot tall tree into our home. The Christmas tree market in St. Louis can be considered an oligopoly because there are relatively few locations which sell Christmas trees in St. Louis. An oligopoly is a market structure in which a small number of independent firms compete, somewhere in between a monopoly and a competitive industry with many firms. In this case let us Just consider the Ted Drewes lot and the St. Peters Church lot as a duopoly to represent the St. Louis Christmas tree market. Christmas tree prices are determined by St. Peters and Ted Drewes in order to maximize profits. The prices are not only determined by demand, but also by the price at which competitors choose to sell. We analyze this price competition by what economists call game theory. Game theory is the study of the decisions of firms in industries where the profits ofa firm depend on its interactions with other firms. In ligopolies, firms are very large compared to the market therefore their interactions are what determine success and profit. Three characteristics of game theory are payoffs, rules and strategies. In the example of the Christmas tree lots, we can use game theory to analyze price competition between Ted Drewes and St. Peters Church. To make the maximum profit, the price Ted Drewe and Father Smith decide to sell the average Christmas tree is dependent on what the competing firm prices are. They will either sell them at an average of $40 or $50 per tree. The action a firm takes to achieve the goal of aximizing profits is an example of business strategy. In fgure 1, the possibilities for each firm are organized into a matrix to determine the payoffs for each firm based on their and the competing firms price decision. Figure 1 Ted Drewes $50 STP earns $10,000 profit St. Peters TD earns $40 $10,000 profit STP earns $5,000 $15,000 profit STP earns $15,000 _$5,OOO profit STP earns $7,500 _$7,500 profit St. Peters Church profits are in blue and Ted Drewes profits are in red. If both St. Peters and Ted Drewes charge an average of $40 per tree, each win earn a profit of 7,500 in total sales. If St. Peters charges a higher price than Ted Drewes at $50 per tree, they will lose customers to price competition and earn $5,000 total profit while Ted Drewes earns $15,000 total profit. If the situation is reversed and Ted Drewes charges a higher price, their total profits will be $5,000 while St. Peters earns $15,000 total profit. If both Ted Drewes and St. Peters charge $50, they with each earn $10,000 total profit. Looking at the matrix it seems that the firms would be better of both charging $50 to earn $10,000 total profit each. Ted Drewe and Father Smith could do this by making an agreement between their firms to charge the same price or otherwise not to compete. This is an example of collusion, which is against the law in the United States. Here we see the characteristic of rules implemented in game theory. Since the firms cannot collude and set their prices they must guess the price which the other firm will choose. If Ted Drewe thinks that Father Smith will charge $40 per tree at St. Peters, he will choose to also sell at $40 per tree because this would earn 7,500 in profit instead of $5,000 if they Ted sold at $50. If Ted Drewe believes Father Smith will sell at $50 per tree, he would still choose to sell at $40 per tree because this would increase total profits from $10,000 to $15,000. This means either way, Ted Drewe will sell at $40 per tree. Father Smith has the same situation as Ted Drewe, so it is expected that he will also sell at $40 per tree. Both Ted Drewes and St. Peters Church will choose to sell at $40 per tree no matter what the other firm does. Either firm selling at $40 per tree is n example of dominant strategy because it is the best choice in any situation. When each firm is maximizing profits no matter what choice the other firm makes it is called a Nash equilibrium. The example of the firms Ted Drewes and St. Louis Church in the St. Louis Christmas tree industry shows how game theory uses payoffs, rules and strategies to analyze oligopoly. photo: Gooden, Christian. Stltoday. com. N. p. , 20 Dec. 2011. Web. 09 Dec. 2013. http:// www. stltoday. com/news/multimedia/live-christmas-tree-fee-on-hold-for-now/ image_30ae5b2e-84de-5313-a8d8-3abc99f6bc6e. html

History of NASA essays

History of NASA essays Perhaps there should have been a cold war. Without it, many of the things that we use everyday would not be in existence. There would be no global communications, but most importantly there would have been no space-race. The war between the Soviet Union and the United States was one with virtually no casualties. There were many technological advances in a feud between two countries. However, there were some failures as well. Some Americans gave their lives for the sake of social movement, not to mention some of the botched missions costing the American public millions to billions of dollars. On the other hand, it is believed that for every dollar that the National Aeronautics and Space Administration spends, there is a six dollar return in the government system. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) officially began its operations on October 1, 1958. It had an annual budget of $100 million, and employed 8,000 people. NASA had inherited the organization before it, the National Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), and a few other governmental organizations. NASAs inception sparked a melee of achievements in almost all scientific fields. Almost immediately after NASA was founded, it had begun working on options for human flight outside of the Earths atmosphere. The first publicized project was dubbed Project Mercury. Its primary purpose was to see if humans could survive a trip into space. Gemini, the following project that was built on the successes of Mercury, used a spacecraft designed to carry to astronauts. Catastrophe Strikes on January 27, 1967. At that time, during a routine simulation aboard one of the Apollo spacecraft, a flash fire broke out in a pure oxygen atmosphere. Flames engulfed the lunar capsule, and the three astronauts aboard, Gus Grissom, Ed White, and Roger Chaffee, died of asphyxiation. These were the first deaths directly attributed to the U.S. space program. T...

Political Conflict between Iran and Israel Research Proposal

Political Conflict between Iran and Israel - Research Proposal Example The Israeli government has presented considerable argument regarding Iran’s development of nuclear technology along with their funding and support for a number of terrorist organizations in the Middle East, and Israel’s response towards these circumstances may have been arousing opposition and suspicion among international governments, agencies, and military leaders (Perkowich, 2005). Their attack on Iran may yield devastating consequences on human life as well provoke political hostility and military violence as these war preparations have been considered as one of the largest threats to political stability and international peace. Moreover, Iran-Israel war can bring about adverse effects on the economic conditions of both countries as well as other affected nations. The nuclear program of Iraq has become one of the most important issues for the global community over the past years. Initially, in 1968, Iran signed the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty as they frequently claimed that their nuclear activities are intended for peaceful and productive outcomes. However, in 2003 to 2005, it was reported by an Iranian opposition group that the implementation of nuclear program violated the signed agreement; consequently, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) carried out several rigorous inspections, revealing that Iran has been involved in a number of implicit nuclear activities such as the enrichment of uranium and plutonium separation efforts over the past two decades. As Iran’s case was reported to the United Nations Council in 2006, it was formally demanded that the nuclear program drop its reprocessing and enrichment activities (Kemp, 2003). However, contrary to legal decisions, Iran did not suspend such processes. There has been an agreement in the global community, particularly among the United States, Russia, and Europe, that nuclear weapons should not be obtained by Iran. If this is to happen, other Middle East countries such as S yria, Saudi Arabia, or Egypt, may be encouraged to make use of nuclear weapons, hence further weakening an unstable region (Tarock, 1999). Policies in Iran, along with aggressive statements presented by President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and other authorities in the country, have put forth the notion that nuclear weapons in Iran will pose considerable threats particularly to Israel. On the longer run, nuclear threats also await the United States, Russia, and Europe if Iran is to acquire long-range ballistic missiles and other nuclear weapons and resources. The current study, therefore, intends to examine the issue between Iran and Israel, particularly the impact of the former’s nuclear policies and program on the latter. It also aims to look into the consequences of Israel-Iran conflict on the economic performance of the Middle East and other affected nations.

Timber Frame Houses Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Timber Frame Houses - Assignment Example The hardness and strength of timber is dependent on its cell structure. The more the cell are closed to each other, there will be more strength in timber. And if the cells are a little apart from each other timber will be soft and lighter. Strength also depends on some other factors. If there are knots, cracks or decay in the timber, the strength of the timber will be reduced. Elasticity is also a property of timber that is linked to its cell structure. More elasticity means that the timber is more durable and can handle more pressure. But the type of timber is utilized according to the use. If the cell walls of the timber are thick, the timber will be harder that will make it a better building material, similarly if the cell walls are thin, the timber is soft and can be utilized where it is required to use soft wood. Moisture in the timber also plays part to the hardness of the timber. More moisture in the timber makes it softer. Hardwood is prepared over softwood for building purpo ses because it is more resistant to softwood. Trapped air inside the timber makes the property known as density of timber. More trapped air means timber will be less dense and less trapped air means timber will be denser. Timber from the sustainability managed forests contributes much to the timber industry. The color of the timber is due to the time that it takes to dry. Some timber types becomes pale or lighter in color by the passage of time but some types of timber become darker by the passage of time as Cedar darkens but sapwood becomes pale with the time. Some time timber odor plays an important role while using for certain purpose, like some wood have pleasant smell and some have not, some can repel insects and some can attract. The odor is due to the presence of oils present in the wood (Interiordezine.com, 2011). These oils are sometimes utilized too in making dyes and insect repellents. Dying or waxing the timber or sometimes using some preservatives increases the life of the timber by making it to sustain the environmental effects. Using special type of varnish and synthetic waxes uses makes timer sustain even the worst weather. Some dyes are made such that the timber can even resist fire. Some timbers have fire resistant qualities too. These types of timber can resist fire for a longer time as compared to the other types of timber (Interiordezine.com, 2011). Wood logs are cut in different shapes and sizes to get the maximum required shapes from a log. The wood logs are then seasoned to increase the resistance of the timber. Sometimes corrosion in the metals that are attached to the timber occurs, which is the result of less seasoned of the timber. Wood cells swell and contract in different weather conditions. Persevered or treated timber has almost the same strength as that of untreated or unpreserved timber but the treated timber has more resistance to different weather conditions (Greenhalgh, 1929). For building purposes timber is graded into thr ee categories. The three categories in which timber is graded are structural, structural appearance and appearance. In structural grading, different types of timber are graded according to their strength. Structural grade is sometimes also referred as stress grading. The other two are classified as their appearance and strength. Timber framings of houses have many parts and sections. Some of the major parts of timber frame are rafters, truss, studs and sometimes lintels. These are