Major Theoretical Perspectives Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Major speculative Perspectives - Assignment ExampleThe main question which is put forward by functionalist sociologists is that how is a society unploughed close together at all times and how is its order maintained?To begin with functionalists concentrate upon cardinal ideas that be closely related to their idea of how societies are held together. Firstly, how is order maintained in our society, and secondly, what are the major(ip) reasons behind the stability which exists in our society.Functionalists do not focus upon the differences found in different split of the society. They in fact focus on how the shared norms, values and mores help create social solidarity and cohesion. (Browne, 2006)The ideas of functionalists are based on the concept of organic analogy. These ideas were initially discussed by patron sociologists same(p) Auguste Comte and Emile Durkheim. They explained that the society was like a benignant body. If there was pain in one part of the body it will riv al the functioning of the whole society. Therefore, it was necessary for the society to be in equilibrium.Durkheim (The Rules of Sociological Method, 1895) emphasizes on two concepts. The first concept is of social solidarity. Solidarity is based upon such things as uncouth culture, socialization, basic values and norms. It is these common ideas which bring about social cohesion in the society thereby, giving it the form of a human body. The second concept is that of collective conscience - the external expression of the collective will of people animate in a society. This represents the social forces that help bind people together (to integrate them into the collective behaviour that is society). It can be likened to the will of society.The most popular functionalist of America, Talcott Parsons (1951), focused on the behavior of the people mend under the influence of social institutions. For Parsons, the key to the survival of the society was the shared norms and values held b y its psyche members. Deviation from those norms leads to